Practice modes
Languages & Literature
Pakistan
World & History
by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan · 1859 · Urdu
Written soon after the 1857 war, it lists causes such as the absence of Indians in the legislative council, interference in religion, and harsh British policies. Sir Syed sent copies to officials in England. It helped reduce British hostility toward Muslims and argued for dialogue between rulers and ruled.
Argued that British policies and misunderstanding, not Muslim disloyalty, caused the 1857 War of Independence.