Practice modes
Languages & Literature
Pakistan
World & History
by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels · 1848 · German
Written for the Communist League. It opens with 'A spectre is haunting Europe, the spectre of communism' and says that 'the history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles'. It predicts that workers (the proletariat) will overthrow the capitalist class (the bourgeoisie).
Ends with 'Workers of the world, unite!'; the founding pamphlet of communism.