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The World Bank's six governance indicators and other international frameworks, explained and applied to Pakistan.
8 of 8 iii. governance indicators
How the World Bank measures governance
The Worldwide Governance Indicators, published by the World Bank since 1996, measure six dimensions of governance for over 200 countries: voice and accountability, political stability and absence of violence, government effectiveness, regulatory quality, rule of law, and control of corruption.
Can citizens choose and control their government?
Voice and accountability measures the extent to which a country's citizens can participate in selecting their government, as well as freedom of expression, freedom of association and a free media.
Is the government at risk of violent or unconstitutional overthrow?
Political stability and absence of violence/terrorism measures perceptions of the likelihood that the government will be destabilized or overthrown by unconstitutional or violent means, including politically motivated violence and terrorism.
Quality of public services and policy-making
Government effectiveness measures the quality of public services, the quality of the civil service and its independence from political pressure, the quality of policy formulation and implementation, and the credibility of the government's commitment to its policies.
Rules that enable the private sector
Regulatory quality measures the ability of the government to formulate and implement sound policies and regulations that permit and promote private sector development.
Confidence in and obedience to the law
The rule of law indicator measures the extent to which people have confidence in and abide by the rules of society, in particular the quality of contract enforcement, property rights, the police and the courts, and the likelihood of crime and violence.
Is public power used for private gain?
Control of corruption measures the extent to which public power is exercised for private gain, including both petty and grand corruption, as well as 'capture' of the state by elites and private interests.
How other international bodies define and assess governance
Besides the World Bank's indicators, the IMF, UNDP, Asian Development Bank and UNESCO each have their own approaches to governance, reflecting their mandates.