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Research on radiation (radioactivity)
Shared with: Pierre Curie, Henri Becquerel
Becquerel discovered in 1896 that uranium gives off rays. Marie and Pierre Curie showed that this 'radioactivity' (a word Marie coined) comes from the atoms themselves, and studied it in other elements. Marie was at first left off the nomination until Pierre insisted she be included.
Physicist and chemist born in Warsaw who worked in Paris with her husband Pierre.