Charter of Madinah (Misaq-e-Madinah)

622 CE (1 AH) · Madinah

Islamic history

Background

After the Hijrah, the Prophet (PBUH) drew up a written agreement between the Muhajirun, the Ansar and the Jewish tribes of Madinah. It made them one community for common defence, guaranteed each group its religion, set rules on blood money and ransom, and made the Prophet (PBUH) the final judge in disputes.

Signed by

The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), the Muslims of Makkah and Madinah, and the Jewish and other tribes of Madinah

Why it matters

Set out the rights and duties of all communities in Madinah as one political community; often called the first written constitution in history.