Treaty of Hudaibiyah (Sulh-e-Hudaibiyah)

628 CE (6 AH) · Hudaibiyah, near Makkah

Islamic history

Background

In 628 the Prophet (PBUH) set out with about 1,400 companions to perform Umrah but was stopped by the Quraysh at Hudaibiyah. After the Bay'at-ur-Ridwan pledge, a treaty was agreed: the Muslims would return home that year and come back for Umrah the next, there would be ten years of peace, and other tribes could ally with either side. Some terms seemed unfavourable at the time, but the peace allowed Islam to spread widely.

Signed by

The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and the Quraysh of Makkah (represented by Suhail ibn Amr)

Why it matters

A ten-year truce that let Islam spread peacefully; the Quran calls it a 'clear victory' (Surah Al-Fath). The Quraysh broke it in 630, leading to the conquest of Makkah.